Year |
Event |
1628 |
Jehangir dies, and is succeeded by his son Shah Jahan. |
1658 |
Shah Jahan completes Taj Mahal, Jama Masjid, and Red Fort. Shah Jahan dies, and is succeeded by his son Aurangzeb. |
1659 |
Shivaji defeats Adilshahi troops at the Battle of Pratapgarh. |
1674 |
Forces led by Shivaji defeat Aurangzeb's troops, and establishes Maratha Empire. |
1675 |
Guru Tegh Bahadur, the ninth Guru of Sikhs is executed in Delhi by the order of Aurangzeb for his support for the Kashmiri Hindus to practice their religion. Guru Gobind Singh becomes tenth Guru of Sikhs. |
1680 |
Shivajidies of fever at Raigad. Sambhaji becomes 2nd Chhatrapati of the Maratha Empire. |
1681 |
Aurangzeb invades the Deccan |
1689 |
Chatrapati Sambhaji Maharaj dies. |
1699 |
Guru Gobind Singh, the 10th Guru of Sikhs creates Khalsa, the saint-soldier at Anandpur Sahib, Punjab. |
1707 |
Death of Aurangzeb the Mughal emperor. |
1708 |
Guru Granth Sahibbecomes Guru of Sikhs. |
1757 |
Battle of Plassey |
1761 |
The Marathas are routed in the Third Battle of Panipat on 14 January 1761, by the Afghans led by Ahmad Shah Durrani. |
1764 |
Battle of Buxar(British victory against allied Mughal, Bengal and Oudh forces) |
1767 |
First Anglo-Mysore Warbegins, in which Haidar Ali of Mysore defeats the combined armies of the East India Company, the Marathas and the Nizam of Hyderabad. |
1771 |
Marathasre-captures Delhi and parts of North India. |
1773 |
Regulating Act of 1773 |
1773 |
Warren Hastingsappointed as first Governor-General of India |
1775 |
First Anglo-Maratha War |
1779 |
Maratha Sardar Mahadji Shinde routs the East India Company army at the Battle of Wadgaon. War ends with the restoration of status quo as perTreaty of Salbai. |
1780 |
Second Anglo-Mysore Warbegins. |
1784 |
Second Anglo-Mysore Warends with the Treaty of Mangalore. |
1786 |
District collectorsin Bengal were made responsible for settling the revenue and collecting it. |
1789 |
Third Anglo-Mysore Warbegins. |
1792 |
Third Anglo-Mysore Warends. |
1798 |
Fourth Anglo-Mysore Warbegins. |
1799 |
Fourth Anglo-Mysore Warends with the death of Tipu Sultan, the victory of the East India Company, and the restoration of their ally, the Wodeyar dynasty of Mysore. |
1799 |
Polygar War |
1800 |
Death of Nana Fadnavis |
1801 |
Maharaja Ranjit Singh establishes Khalsa rule of Punjab from Lahore. Khalsa army liberates Kashmiri Pundits and invades Afghanistan through Khyber Pass. |
1803 |
Second Anglo-Maratha Warbegins |
1805 |
Second Anglo-Maratha Warends |
1806 |
Vellore Mutiny |
1809 |
East India Company signs the first Treaty of Amritsar with Ranjit Singh |
1814 |
"Atmiya Sabha" Established Later on known as "Prarthana Samaj" By Raja Ram Mohan Roy |
1817 |
Third Anglo-Maratha Warbegins |
1818 |
Third Anglo-Maratha Warends with the defeat of Bajirao II and the end of the Maratha Empire leaving the East India Company with control of almost the whole of India |
1839 |
First Anglo-Afghan War |
1845 |
First Anglo-Sikh Wars |
1853 |
Started Post Service |
1853 |
First Railway established between Bombay and Thane |
1855 |
Santhal rebellion |
1856 |
Hindu Widows' Remarriage Act, 1856 |
1857 |
Indian Rebellion of 1857 |
1857 |
Established first three University of Mumbai, University of Madras and University of Calcutta in India |
1867 |
"Prarthana Samaj" Established Earlier known as "Atmiya Sabha" |
1875 |
"Arya Samaj" Established |
1877 |
Delhi DurbarFirst time |
1885 |
Indian National CongressEstablished |
1899 |
"Mithra Mela"Established by V.D.Savarkar. |
1902 |
Anushilan Samiti, organized revolutionary association formed. |
1903 |
British Expedition to Tibet |
Delhi DurbarSecond Time. |
|
1905 |
Partition of Bengal |
1906 |
Jugantarformed. |
1906 |
Muslim Leagueformed in Dacca. |
1908 |
Alipore bomb case |
1909 |
Morley-Minto Reforms |
1911 |
Cancellation of Partition of Bengal |
1911 |
Delhi DurbarThird Time |
1911 |
British government change capital city from Calcutta to Delhi. |
1912 |
Delhi conspiracy case |
1913 |
Gadar Partyformed. |
1913 |
Rabindranath Tagorewon Nobel Prize in Literature |
1914 |
Hindu–German Conspiracy |
1915 |
Ghadar conspiracy |
Provisional Government of Indiaformed in Kabul. |
|
Mahatma Gandhireturns to India. |
|
1916 |
Lucknow Pact |
1917 |
Champaran and Kheda Satyagraha |
1919 |
Jallianwala Bagh massacre |
Montagu–Chelmsford Reforms |
|
Rowlatt Actis passed |
|
1920 |
Non-cooperation movement Khilafat Movement |
1922 |
Chauri Chaura incident |
1924 |
Hindustan Socialist Republican Associationis formed |
1925 |
Kakori conspiracy |
1927 |
Simon Commission |
1928 |
Bardoli Satyagraha |
1929 |
Central Assembly Bombed by Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt. |
Purna Swarajresolution. |
|
1930 |
Salt Satyagraha, the civil disobedience movement, begins with the Dandi march |
Round Table Conferences (India)First |
|
1931 |
Gandhi–Irwin Pact |
Bhagat Singh, Rajguru and Sukhdev Martyred |
|
Round Table Conferences (India)Second |
|
1932 |
Poona Pact |
Communal Award |
|
Round Table Conferences (India)Third |
|
1935 |
Government of India Act 1935 |
1937 |
Indian provincial elections, 1937 |
1939 |
All India Forward BlocEstablished by Subhas Chandra Bose |
1940 |
Lahore Resolution |
August offer 1940 |
|
1942 |
Quit India Movement |
Cripps' mission |
|
Indian National ArmyEstablished by Subhas Chandra Bose |
|
1943 |
Arzi Hukumat-e-Azad Hind, the Provisional Government of Free India formed by Netaji. |
1944 |
Subhas Chandra Bose calls Mahatma Gandhi as the Father of the Nation. |
1945 |
Wavell Plan Simla Conference. |
1946 |
Royal Indian Navy Mutiny |
Cabinet Mission |
|
Direct Action Day/Great Calcutta Killings |
|
1947 |
Indian Independence Act 1947by British Raj. |
Partition of Indiaand Pakistan becomes an independent state on 14 August 1947.[16] |
|
Freedom from British Raj. |
|
Hundreds of thousands die in widespread communal bloodshed after partition. (to 1948) |
|
1948 |
Mahatma Gandhiassassinated by a right wing Hindu nationalist Nathuram Godse. |
War with Pakistanover disputed territory of Kashmir. |
|
Telangana and other princely states integrated in Indian union |
|
1950 |
India became Republic. |
1951 |
Congress Party wins first general elections under leadership of Jawaharlal Nehru. (to 1952) |
1962 |
war over disputed territory of Kashmir [16] with China. |
Indiawon Diu, Daman and Goa from Portuguese India. |
|
1964 |
Death of Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru. |
1965 |
Second warwith Pakistan over Kashmir. |
1966 |
Nehru's daughter Indira Gandhi becomes prime minister. |
1971 |
Third warwith Pakistan over creation of Bangladesh, formerly East Pakistan. |
Twenty-year treaty of friendship signed with Soviet Union. |
|
1974 |
India explodes first nuclear device in underground test. |
1975 |
Indira Gandhideclares state of emergency after being found guilty of electoral malpractice. |
Nearly 1,000 political opponents imprisoned and programme of compulsory birth control introduced. (to 1977) |
|
1977 |
Indira Gandhi's Congress Party loses general elections. Janata Party comes to power.Communist party of India comes into power in West Bengal. |
1979 |
Janata Party Splits. Chaudhary Charan Singh becomes Prime Minister. |
1980 |
Indira Gandhireturns to power heading Congress party splinter group, Congress (Indira). |
1983 |
N. T. Rama RaoNTR's 9 month old Telugu Desam Comes in to Power in AP marks a new Challenger post Loknayak Jayaprakash Narayan against Indira Gandhi. |
1984 |
Troops storm Golden Temple - Sikhs' most holy shrine - to flush out Sikh militants pressing for self-rule, called Operation Blue Star. "Anti-Sikh Riots 1984". |
Indira Gandhiassassinated by Sikh bodyguards, following which her son, Rajiv, takes over. |
|
Many Sikhs were killed due to the assassination of Indira Gandhi, and the government did not do anything. |
|
1987 |
India deploys troops for peacekeeping operation in Sri Lanka's ethnic conflict. |
1989 |
Falling public support leads to Congress defeat in general election. |
1989 |
National Front (India)Headed by V. P. Singh and led by Janata Dal formed and stormed into power with outside support from BJP and CPI. |
1990 |
Muslim separatist groups begin campaign of violence in Kashmir. |
1991 |
Rajiv Gandhiassassinated by suicide bomber sympathetic to Sri Lanka's Tamil Tigers. |
Economic reform programme begun by Prime Minister P.V. Narasimha Rao. |
|
1992 |
Hinduextremists demolish mosque in Ayodhya, triggering widespread Hindu-Muslim violence. |
Over 200 people die in Cuttack in Odisha, after drinking illegally brewed liquor in the 1992 Odisha liquor deaths incident. |
|
1995 |
West Bengal Chief Minister Jyoti Basu made the first call from Kolkata to inaugurate the cellular services in India |
1996 |
Congress suffers worst ever electoral defeat as Hindu nationalist BJP emerges as largest single party. |
1996 |
The Amarnath Yatra tragedy in which at least 194 pilgrims are reported to have frozen to death in northern Kashmir after being stranded by violent rain and snow storms. |
1998 |
BJP forms coalition government under Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee. |
India carries out nuclear tests, leading to widespread international condemnation. |
|
1999 |
Vajpayeemakes historic bus trip to Pakistan to meet Premier Nawaz Sharif and to sign bilateral Lahore peace declaration. |
Tension in Kashmir leads to brief war with Pakistan-backed forces in the icy heights around Kargil in Indian-held Kashmir. |
|
Cyclone devastates eastern state of Odisha, leaving at least 10,000 dead. |
|
2000 |
US President Bill Clinton makes a ground breaking visit to improve ties. |
India marks the birth of its billionth citizen. |
|
2001 |
A high-powered rocket is launched, adding India to the club of countries able to fire big satellites deep into space. |
Massive earthquakes hit the western state of Gujarat, leaving at least 30,000 dead. |
|
US lifts sanctions which it imposed against India and Pakistan after they staged nuclear tests in 1998. The move is seen as a reward for their support for the US-led anti-terror campaign. |
|
India and Pakistan fire at each other's military posts in the heaviest firing along the dividing line of control in Kashmir for almost a year.[18] |
|
2002 |
War of words between Indian and Pakistani leaders intensifies. Actual war seems imminent. |
India successfully test-fires a nuclear-capable ballistic missile - the Agni - off its eastern coast. |
|
2004 |
India, along with Brazil, Germany and Japan, launches an application for a permanent seat on the UN Security Council. |
Thousands are killed when tsunami tidal waves, caused by the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake off the Indonesian coast, devastate coastal communities in the south and in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. |
|
2006 |
India's largest-ever rural jobs scheme is launched, aimed at lifting around 60 million families out of poverty. |
US and India sign a nuclear agreement during a visit by US President George W Bush. The US gives India access to civilian nuclear technology while India agrees to greater scrutiny for its nuclear programme. |
|
2007 |
India and Pakistan sign an agreement aimed at reducing the risk of accidental nuclear war. |
India's first commercial space rocket is launched, carrying an Italian satellite. |
|
Pratibha Patilbecomes first woman to be elected president of India. |
|
2008 |
India successfully launches its first mission to the moon, the unmanned lunar probe Chandrayaan-1. |
Nearly 200 people are killed and hundreds injured in a series of coordinated attacks by gunmen on the main tourist and business area of India's financial capital Mumbai. India blames militants from Pakistan for the attacks and demands that Islamabad take strong action against those responsible. |
|
2009 |
India and Russia sign deals worth $700 million, according to which Moscow will supply uranium to Delhi. |
Delhi court decriminalizes gay sex |
|
2011 |
After 34 years of Left Front Government, Trinamool Congress and Congress alliance come to power in West Bengal |
2012 |
Pranab Mukherjee, the former Finance Minister is elected as the 13th president of India. |
2013 |
Mars Orbiter Mission, is successfully launched into Earth orbit by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). |
Modern India
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